Money In Education
Coming soon to the Norwalk BOE, is the aftermath of the 09/10 budget. With a two percent increase, cuts to something is inevitable. Corda apparently has said everything is on the table this year. A stance unlike previous years where moats and walls were verbally strung around the administrative staff, third floor, city hall. A position, btw, which runs counter to even the prevailing wind from UC Berkeley, where a professor argues, “how much we spend is less important than how we spend it.”
For years, decades even, the mantra out of our local political flunkies, has been the the idea that we must spend more on education. Never mind that prior to the 80′s, generations of kids managed just fine without all the comforts of modern educational thinking. It was not uncommon for those golden year generations to use the same textbooks on any subject that the previous 20 years of students used. These days it seems curriculum specialists justify their existence with calls for new textbooks and “teaching methods” every year. So more from Norman Grubb:
For decades, Grubb says, school spending has inexorably risen, while student achievement has stayed relatively stagnant. Maybe it’s time to look at which expenditures actually improve education, he argues, and which are a waste.
In fact, one could argue that student achievement has actually fallen.
And part of the point is an attempt to move the debates away from money to resources, because a lot of the debates in school finance have just been about money.
Yep, we see that here don’t we.
The resources that everybody talks about most of the time are what I call simple resources. So, most people argue most of the time about class size, teacher salaries, the average experience and credential levels of teachers, about the amounts of spending on books and computers and science labs and so forth. And that is certainly one category of resources and, under some conditions, they matter — I’m not saying they don’t matter. But many of the resources in schools turn out to be compound resources. We spent a lot of money in California on class-size reduction, and the evaluation that was undertaken showed no increases in test scores on average, because what happened is that the districts had to lower the quality of teachers to get more of them, particularly in urban schools. Teachers were leading their classes in broom closets and auditoriums and stuff like that — inappropriate spaces. And I think, most of all, nobody had given the teachers any training in how to teach in smaller classes. If you’re just going to lecture, it doesn’t matter if you’ve got 25 or 15 students in a class — you’re not going to do anything different. You need to learn how to change teaching approaches. So the effective resource is class-size reduction and professional development to teach the teachers how to teach differently and adequate physical facilities and keeping the quality of teachers up. Which is what I call a compound resource.
There’s a point here that is often overlooked. Some subjects do need nothing more than lecture style. Yet there’s no distinction by subject matter, because teachers unions have demanded that classroom size be written into contracts. This is just wrong. The hours and number of students taught over the course of a week is something that labor unions should be looking at, because it is a reasonable assumption that for every hour of instruction time number of student results in x hours of out of classroom work. So keeping teachers from being scheduled into 100 hour work weeks has merit. The way it has been accomplished is what is wrong.
Which leads into Grubb’s thoughts on unions:
Well, I have to say that there are several different kinds of teacher unions. And the dominant one, unfortunately, is one that’s usually called an industrial union. And it follows the pattern of unions that have developed in industry where the main concerns are wages, working conditions and employment rights. And unions that follow that pattern are the ones, for example, who will defend teachers at almost any cost — will be very reluctant to concede that there are teachers who are not doing their jobs. And these are the kinds of unions that I think people usually think of when they talk about unions impeding reform. There have been some movements in this country toward professional unions, which are more concerned with the professional status of teaching, with making sure that teachers are the ones making instructional decisions, with making sure that teachers have the competencies necessary to make decisions about instruction, and which are willing to work much more collaboratively with administrators in a model that’s usually called distributed leadership. Unions don’t have to be barriers, but I think they sometimes are, given that we have lots of old-style industrial unions. I think reforming unions needs to go on in parallel with everything else.
source: LA Times, Q&A–UC Berkeley professor takes on school spending, by Mitchell Landsberg, April 6, 2009